3.1 High-Frequency Straight Seam Welded Pipe (HFW) The development of high-frequency straight seam welded pipe has evolved from traditional roller forming to row roller forming, and now to the current application of flexible forming (FFX), straight edge forming, and equal rigidity (URD) racks. The forming technology has...

1.1 Development of Long-Distance Natural Gas Pipelines 1.1.1 Development of Long-Distance Natural Gas Pipelines on Land Currently, the steel grade of international natural gas pipelines on land has developed from X70 to X80. Since 2003, three new X80 long-distance natural gas pipelines have been constructed in China...

2.2 Factors causing welded pipe cracking 2.2.1 Influence of impurities inside welded pipes To meet the requirements of the welded pipe flattening experiment, ensure the overall performance of the welded pipe, and prevent cracking or other defects, it is necessary to study the substances in the cross-section layer of the...

Abstract: This article analyzes the factors causing the cracking of welded steel pipes in flattening tests from the aspects of experimental equipment, material quality, and personnel operation. The main reasons for the cracking of welded pipes in flattening tests are identified, and treatment strategies for cracking...

Understanding the influence of normalizing temperature on the microstructure and properties of high-strength bainitic steel pipe is crucial for optimizing its performance in various applications. In this study, a series of heat treatment experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of different normalizing temperatures...

Spiral steel pipes are made from coiled steel strips through cold rolling and forming, and welded using the automatic double-wire double-sided submerged arc welding process. The main production process is as follows: (1) Raw materials, including coiled steel strips, welding wire, and flux, undergo rigorous physical and...

When a defect or anomaly jeopardizes the integrity of a pipeline, it necessitates repairs using techniques that bring the pipeline back to its original design specification. If the repair method fails to restore the pipeline to its original specification, two options are available: either the maximum operating pressure...

Designing a steam system requires careful consideration of pipes and their sizing. This crucial aspect ensures optimal performance and safety. This guide provides comprehensive advice on standards, materials, and sizing for various steam duties, whether saturated or superheated. Numerous piping standards exist worldwide,...

During the welding process of thin-walled stainless steel pipes, issues such as burn-through, deformation, and susceptibility to rusting of the weld seam often arise due to factors related to welding equipment, welding parameters, and operational details. Below, we'll delve into the welding technology for thin-walled...

Seamless steel pipes are elongated steel materials with a hollow cross-section and no seams around the perimeter. They find extensive application in various industries, primarily for fluid transportation purposes, including conveying oil, natural gas, gas, water, and certain solid materials. Compared to solid steel materials...

To ensure that the quality of high-frequency welded pipe products meets technical standards and customer needs during the production process, it is essential to analyze the factors affecting product quality in steel pipe production. By analyzing the statistics of non-conforming products from a certain Φ76mm high-frequency...

There are five connection structures between the steel tube and the tube plate in heat exchangers. The connection of the steel tube to the tube plate is a crucial part of shell-and-tube heat exchanger design. It involves significant processing work and requires every connection point to ensure media leakage prevention...